Groups in Periodic Table (With Group Names)
- Group 1: Alkali metals group (hydrogen not included)
- Group 2: Alkaline earth metals group
- Group 3-12: Transition and Inner transition metals group
- Group 13: Boron group
- Group 14: Carbon group
- Group 15: Nitrogen group
- Group 16: Oxygen group
- Group 17: Halogen group
Why are the elements grouped together on the periodic table?
The periodic table got its name from the way the elements are arranged in rows which are called periods. The columns of the table are called groups, some of which have specific names, such as the noble gases and the halogens. Going down the periodic table, the number of atomic orbitals increases by one for each row.
What are the common elements in the periodic table?
What are the common elements in the periodic table? Elements are the building blocks of everything that exists. Hydrogen (H) and helium (He) are the lightest, and hydrogen, carbon (C), oxygen (O) and nitrogen (N) are found in organic molecules. Some of the metals include sodium (Na), gold (Au), silver (Ag), iron (Fe), copper (Cu) and aluminum (Al).
What are the group names of elements?
The following collective names are recommended by IUPAC:
- Alkali metals – The metals of group 1: Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, Fr.
- Alkaline earth metals – The metals of group 2: Be, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Ra.
- Pnictogens – The elements of group 15: N, P, As, Sb, Bi. ...
- Chalcogens – The elements of group 16: O, S, Se, Te, Po. ...
- Halogens – The elements of group 17: F, Cl, Br, I, At. ...
What are Group 1 elements?
What are Group 1 Elements? Group 1 elements are chemical elements having an unpaired electron in the outermost s orbital. It is the first column of the s block of the periodic table. It contains hydrogen and alkali metals. The members of this group 1 are as follows: Hydrogen (H) Lithium (Li) Sodium (Na) Potassium (K) Rhubidium (Rh) Caesium (Cs)
Where are the main group elements on the periodic table?
The main group elements are those in the s and p blocks of the periodic table, as shown in Figure 8.2.
What are the 4 main groups of elements?
There are multiple ways of grouping the elements, but they are commonly divided into metals, semimetals (metalloids), and nonmetals. You'll find more specific groups, like transition metals, rare earths, alkali metals, alkaline earth, halogens, and noble gasses.
What are the main groups on the periodic table called?
Groups are numbered 1–18 from left to right. The elements in group 1 are known as the alkali metals; those in group 2 are the alkaline earth metals; those in 15 are the pnictogens; those in 16 are the chalcogens; those in 17 are the halogens; and those in 18 are the noble gases.
What are the 5 main groups of the periodic table?
5 Element FamiliesAlkali metals.Alkaline earth metals.Transition metals.Halogens.Noble gases.
Why is a main group element?
In chemistry and atomic physics, the main group is the group of elements (sometimes called the representative elements) whose lightest members are represented by helium, lithium, beryllium, boron, carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, and fluorine as arranged in the periodic table of the elements.
Why are they called main group elements?
Elements in these groups are collectively known as main group or representative elements. These groups contain the most naturally abundant elements, comprise 80 percent of the earth's crust and are the most important for life. Economically the most produced chemicals are main group elements or their compounds.
What are the 3 main parts of the periodic table?
Three major parts of the periodic table: Metals on the left. Non-metal on the right. And Metalloids in the between metals and non-metals.
What are group 8 elements called?
These elements are known as noble gases. The valence electrons of the group VIII are filled with filled eight electrons which makes these electrons non-reactive. They are stable and elements have a low energy state. They have elements Helium He , Neon Ne , Argon Ar , Krypton Kr , Xenon Xe , and Radon Rn .
What are Group 3 elements called?
Group III consists of two subgroups: group IIIb and group IIIa. Group IIIa consists of scandium, yttrium, and lanthanium, which is generally considered with the lanthanoids, and actinium, which is classified with the actinoids. Group IIIb, the main group, comprises boron, aluminium, gallium, indium, and thallium.
What are the 7 groups in the periodic table?
Different groups are present in the periodic table:The Alkali Metals.The Alkaline Earth Metals.The Transition Metals.The Non-metals.The Halogens.The Noble Gases.The Rare Earth Elements.
What are the 7 families of the periodic table?
Families of the Periodic Table. On the periodic table, there are families which are groups of elements with similar properties. These families are alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, transition metals, post-transition metals, metalloids, halogens, noble metals, and noble gases.
What is Group 13 called?
boron group elementboron group element, any of the six chemical elements constituting Group 13 (IIIa) of the periodic table. The elements are boron (B), aluminum (Al), gallium (Ga), indium (In), thallium (Tl), and nihonium (Nh).
What is a main group element in Period 4?
The common element in the Group 4 and Period 4 is Titanium.
What are group 3 elements called?
Group III consists of two subgroups: group IIIb and group IIIa. Group IIIa consists of scandium, yttrium, and lanthanium, which is generally considered with the lanthanoids, and actinium, which is classified with the actinoids. Group IIIb, the main group, comprises boron, aluminium, gallium, indium, and thallium.
What are the 7 groups of the periodic table?
Different groups are present in the periodic table:The Alkali Metals.The Alkaline Earth Metals.The Transition Metals.The Non-metals.The Halogens.The Noble Gases.The Rare Earth Elements.
How many groups of elements are in the periodic table?
18The s-, p-, and d-block elements of the periodic table are arranged into 18 numbered columns, or groups. The elements in each group have the same number of valence electrons.
What are the groups of metals that are radioactive?
All are radioactive. The actinides and the lanthanides together form a group called the inner transition metals. Transition metals: Returning to the main body of the table, the remainder of Groups 3 through 12 represent the rest of the transition metals.
What period does Oganesson complete?
Oganesson completes the seventh period of the periodic table, so if anyone manages to synthesize element 119 (and the race to do so is already underway ), it will loop around to start row eight in the alkali metal column.
What are the elements in the actinides?
Actinides: The actinides line the bottom row of the island and comprise elements 89, actinium (Ac), through 103, lawrencium (Lr). Of these elements, only thorium (Th) and uranium (U) occur naturally on Earth in substantial amounts. All are radioactive. The actinides and the lanthanides together form a group called the inner transition metals.
What is table salt?
The table salt in your kitchen, for example, is a marriage between the alkali metal sodium and the halogen chlorine. Noble gases: Colorless, odorless and almost completely nonreactive, the inert, or noble gases round out the table in Group 18.
How many elements were there at the time of Mendeleev?
There were only about 60 elements known at the time, but Mendeleev realized that when the elements were organized by weight, certain types of elements occurred in regular intervals, or periods. Today, 150 years later, chemists officially recognize 118 elements (after the addition of four newcomers in 2016) and still use Mendeleev's periodic table ...
Why is the period of sodium longer?
Moving down the table, periods are longer because it takes more electrons to fill the larger and more complex outer levels. The columns of the table represent groups, or families, of elements.
Why is Mendeleev's table a circle?
Because of the cyclical nature created by the periodicity that gives the table its name, some chemists prefer to visualize Mendeleev's table as a circle.
What is the first group of elements in the periodic table?
Group 1: Alkali metals group. Alkali metals group is the very first group (group 1) on the periodic table. The elements included in the Alkali metals group are; Lithium (Li)
Why are the elements in the bottom two rows of the periodic table included in group 3?
The elements in the two bottom rows of the periodic table are also included in these groups. They are placed in the two separate rows at the bottom because they show few different properties. Actually, the elements in the bottom rows are the extension of group 3 only. So they are included in group 3. But as these elements have few different ...
How many groups are there in the periodic table?
Groups are the vertical columns on the periodic table. There are total 18 vertical columns on periodic table. Hence there are 18 groups. The elements lying in the same groups show similar chemical properties and they also have same number of valence electrons.
What is the oxygen group on the periodic table?
Oxygen group is the group 16 on the periodic table.
What is an example of group 18?
Example of group 18. All the elements of group 18 are chemically inert (that means they do not easily react with other elements). And all the elements of group 18 have a complete octet (that means they have 8 electrons in their outer shell).
Which group is alkaline earth metals?
Alkaline earth metals are the group 2 elements on the periodic table.
Is the Interactive Periodic Table free?
Checkout Interactive Periodic table and download it’s high resolution image now ( It’s FREE)
What are the different types of nonmetals?
The nonmetals, halogens, and noble gases are all types of nonmetals. The metalloids have properties intermediate between metals and nonmetals. The alkali metals, alkaline earths, lanthanides, actinides, transition metals, and basic metals are all groups of metals.
What are the elements that chemists classify?
These groups go by the names alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, transition metals, basic metals, nonmetals, halogens, noble gases, lanthanides, and actinides.
How many periods are there in the periodic table?
Elements within a period display periodic table trends, moving from left to right, involving atomic and ionic radius, electronegativity, There are seven element periods. Some periods contain more elements than others because the number of included elements depends on the number of electrons allowed in an energy sublevel.
How many valence electrons are in group 17?
For example, elements in group 1 have 1 valence electron, elements in groups 3-12 have a variable number of valence electrons, and elements in group 17 have 7 valence electrons. The lanthanides and actinides, located below the main table, all fit within group 3.
How does the atomic number of an element increase?
Element atomic number increases as you move down a group from top to bottom or across a period from left to right. An element group is a vertical column on the periodic table. Atoms in a group share the same number of valence electrons. An element period is a horizontal row on the periodic table. Atoms in a period have the same number ...
What is the difference between periodic table groups and periods?
Periodic Table Groups and Periods. A periodic table group is a column, while a periodic table period is a row. Groups and periods organize elements on the periodic table of the elements. A group is a vertical column down the periodic table, while a period is a horizontal row across the table. Both groups and periods reflect the organization ...
What is the intermediate between metals and nonmetals?
Electronegativity and ionization energy intermediate between that of metals and nonmetals
Why is the periodic table useful?
One reason the periodic table of the elements is so useful is that it is a means of arranging elements according to their similar properties. This is what is meant by periodicity or periodic table trends . There are multiple ways of grouping the elements, but they are commonly divided into metals, semimetals (metalloids), and nonmetals.
What are the physical properties of halogens?
The halogens exhibit different physical properties from each other but do share chemical properties. Extremely high electronegativity. Very reactive. Seven valence electrons, so elements from this group typically exhibit a -1 oxidation state.
What are the different types of elements?
There are multiple ways of grouping the elements, but they are commonly divided into metals, semimetals (metalloids), and nonmetals. You'll find more specific groups, like transition metals, rare earths, alkali metals, alkaline earth, halogens, and noble gasses.
Do noble gases have valence electron shells?
The noble gasses have complete valence electron shells, so they act differently. Unlike other groups, noble gasses are unreactive and have very low electronegativity or electron affinity.
Is lanthanide a transition metal?
The lanthanides (rare earth) and actinides are also transition metals. The basic metals are similar to transition metals but tend to be softer and to hint at nonmetallic properties. In their pure state, all of these elements tend to have a shiny, metallic appearance.
Is halogen a metal?
The halogens and noble gases are nonmetals, although they have their own groups, too.
What Are Main Group elements?
- The elements in the main group are by far the most abundant elements – not only on Earth but throughout the universe. As a result, they are sometimes referred to as representative elements. The main group elements are found in the s- and p- blocks, which means that their electron configurations will end in s or p. Group 1 contains elements with one valence electron, group 2 c…
Table of Contents
Overview of The Main Group Elements
- The main group elements in older IUPAC group numbering systems are groups IA, IIA, and IIIA to VIIIA. When the periodic tableis divided in this way, the transition metals and inner transition metal...
- The s-block elements are divided into two groups: Group 1 (alkali metals) and Group 2 (alkaline earth metals).
- The main group elements in older IUPAC group numbering systems are groups IA, IIA, and IIIA to VIIIA. When the periodic tableis divided in this way, the transition metals and inner transition metal...
- The s-block elements are divided into two groups: Group 1 (alkali metals) and Group 2 (alkaline earth metals).
- Groups 13-18 are the p-block elements (basic metals, metalloids, nonmetals, halogens, and noble gases).
- Typically, the s-block elements have one oxidation state (+1 for group 1 and +2 for group 2).
Properties of Main Group Elements
- Properties of the S-Block Elements
1. The valence configuration of their general valence is ns1 – 2. 2. The oxidation state of Group 1 elements (alkali metals) is +1. The oxidation state of Group 2 elements (alkaline earth metals) is +2. 3. All s-block elements are highly reactive, except for helium. 4. The s-block metals are soft a… - Properties of the P-Block Elements
The names of the groups are as follows: 1. Multiple oxidation states distinguish the p-block elements. However, the oxidation state and other properties are determined by the group. The oxidation state of group 17 elements (halogens) is -1, while group 18 elements (noble gases) is …
S-Block
S-Block Element Properties
P-Block
P-Block Element Properties
Earth and The Universe
- The main group elements are most abundant in making up the earth and the universe. These elements make up 80% of Earth’s crust. Oxygen and silicon make up a majority of the Earth’s crust. Like, oxygen and silicon, hydrogen and helium make up a majority of the universe. Hydrogen, which is said to have been created during the hot Big Bang, makes up a...
Industrial
Biological Uses