What is the difference between high latency and low latency?
latency. Latency is a synonym for delay. In telecommunications, low latency is associated with a positive user experience (UX) while high latency is associated with poor UX. In computer networking, latency is an expression of how much time it takes for a data packet to travel from one designated point to another.
What does latency period mean?
latency stage, latency phase, latency period noun (psychoanalysis) the fourth period (from about age 5 or 6 until puberty) during which sexual interests are supposed to be sublimated into other activities
What are some reasons for no period?
Some of the causes of missed periods, besides pregnancy, are as follows:
- Stress: This is one of the most common reasons for a missed period. ...
- Low body weight: Low body weight is another potential reason for a missed period. ...
- Obesity: Similarly to low body weight, obesity can also result in hormonal changes, leading to an absence of menstruation.
What does latency stage mean?
latency stage, latency phase, latency period noun. (psychoanalysis) the fourth period (from about age 5 or 6 until puberty) during which sexual interests are supposed to be sublimated into other activities.
What is the blanking period?
blanking period a period of time during and after a pacemaker stimulus when the unstimulated chamber is insensitive to avoid sensing the electronic event in the stimulated chamber. effective refractory period absolute refractory period.
What is the ejection period?
ejection period the second phase of ventricular systole (0.21 to 0.30 sec), between the opening and closing of the semilunar valves, while the blood is discharged into the aorta and pulmonary artery. Called also sphygmic period.
What is the period of sexual preoccupation?
1. psychiatry According to psychoanalytic personality theory, the period of psychosexual development in children, extending from about age 5 to the beginning of adolescence around age 12, during which the apparent cessation of sexual preoccupation stems from a strong, aggressive blockade of libidinal and sexual impulses in an effort to avoid oedipal relationships; during this phase, boys and girls are inclined to choose friends and join groups of their own sex.
What is the term for a period of subclinical or inapparent pathologic changes following exposure to a?
Epidemiology A period of subclinical or inapparent pathologic changes following exposure to a noxious agent, ending with the onset of Sx of disease. Cf Incubation period Psychology See Psychosexual development Virology
What is the absolute refractory period?
absolute refractory period the part of the refractory period from phase 0 to approximately −60 mV during phase 3; during this time it is impossible for the myocardium to respond with a propagated action potential, even with a strong stimulus. Called also effective refractory period.
What is the vulnerable period?
vulnerable period that time at the peak of the T wave during which serious arrhythmias are likely to result if a stimulus occurs. Wenckebach's period a usually repetitive sequence seen in partial heart block, marked by progressive lengthening of the P–R interval; see also dropped beat.
What is the supernormal period in electrocardiography?
supernormal period in electrocardiography, a period at the end of phase 3 of the action potential during which activation can be initiated with a milder stimulus than is required at maximal repolarization, because at this time the cell is excitable and closer to threshold than at maximal diastolic potential.
What is the latent period?
A latent period follows SE and precedes a chronic phase, which is characterized by the occurrence of spontaneous limbic seizures.
What is cellular latency?
Cellular latency occurs following HIV provirus integration and is characterized by minimal transcriptional or translational activity of viral genes. Virus activation from a latent state is often the result of stimulation by mitogens, cytokines, or DNA-damaging agents. The regulation of viral latency remains elusive. Some of the cellular factors recruited to the LTR for the active transcription of viral genes include NF-κB, Sp-1, and TBP However, Rev, Tat, Vpu, and Nef have been implicated in mediating latency through their interactions with the LTR and replication cycle. Further understanding of the factors preventing induction of and reactivation from viral latency would be helpful for developing approaches to inhibit progression to disease.
What is the latency of VZV?
Latency is the interval between primary infection and VZV reactivation. Any and all human ganglia can become latently infected, as evidenced by the detection of VZV DNA in cranial nerve, cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral, and autonomic ganglia. During latency, circulating neutralizing antibodies against VZV are present, as are cluster of differentiation 8 (CD8) T-cells that respond to VZV-specific proteins. As VZV-specific CD8 T-cell numbers decline, because of age or immunosuppression (as in organ transplant recipients and patients with cancer or acquired immunodefficiency syndrome (AIDS)), VZV reactivates from latency, producing multiple serious neurological disorders. On reactivation, VZV-specific cell-mediated immunity increases within 1–3 weeks after zoster rash. Zoster vaccine (Zostavax) also boosts VZV-specific cell-mediated immunity.
How does the latency of the cortical response affect the CMCT?
Latency of the cortical response and subsequently CMCT depends on whether the MEP was recorded at rest or with activation, which shortens the latency by several milliseconds. The onset of the MEP is usually readily identifiable. The shortest of four or five responses is measured. In some diseases, the MEP may be markedly reduced in amplitude and, when facilitation is used, partially buried in the background EMG. To calculate the CMCT, the peripheral segment of the motor pathway (anterior horn cell muscle) is estimated and then subtracted from the onset latency of the MEP ( Fig. 2 ).
How does the latency of a saccadic eye movement differ from that of a smooth pursuit eye movement?
On average, the latency of saccades to stationary targets is around 200 ms, whereas the latency of smooth pursuit eye movements is around 100 ms. This discrepancy between smooth pursuit eye movements and saccades suggests that the initiation mechanisms are different. However, several paradigms have shown similar effects on the latency of both saccades and smooth pursuit. Their latency is shortened when the fixation point is extinguished prior to the appearance of the target (gap paradigm). The reduction in latency caused by the gap paradigm is very similar (around 50 ms) for both oculomotor subsystems. Neuronal correlates of the gap effect have been found in the SC for both types of eye movements when the buildup activity that occurs before saccade or pursuit is increased by the presence of a gap. Similar to the gap effect, the presence of a second moving target (a distractor) also modulates the latency of both pursuit and saccades in the same way (an increase in latency). Finally, when a first target is extinguished after the appearance of a new target (overlap paradigm), latencies of pursuit and saccades are comparable and highly correlated. These similar changes in latency suggest a common mechanism for the initiation of pursuit and saccades.
How to measure latency of a VEP?
An alternative approach is to measure the latency to peak by interpolation —in the case of the P100, a straight line is drawn from the downward slope of the N75 and the upward slope of the N145, and the P100 latency is measured at the point of their intersection. The delineation of abnormal latency for the P100 on full-field VEP is laboratory specific. It is of critical importance that the same methods used for establishment of laboratory references are employed at the time of clinical analysis. Any deviation from a standard approach should be explained clearly in a laboratory report.
What is the latency period of a hepatotoxin?
The latency period is the period between the ingestion of the drug and the onset of symptoms and may provide valuable clues for the correct diagnosis of the potential hepatotoxin. Predictable reactions occur with a defined latency in a dose-related fashion and usually result from direct toxicity by the drug or its metabolites. The latency period may be short (hours to days) such as with acetaminophen, intermediate or delayed (1–8 weeks) such as with phenytoin, or long (1–12 months) such as with INH. Unpredictable (idiosyncratic) reactions occur with variable, sometimes prolonged latency (1 week to 1 year) and may or may not be dose-related ( Kaplowitz and DeLeve 2002 ).
What is the latent period?
The latent period, rather than the incubation period, has more influence on the spreading dynamics of an infectious disease or epidemic. The time interval during which the host is infectious, i.e. the pathogens can be transmitted directly or indirectly from the infected host to another individual, is called the infectious period ...
What is the latency period in cancer?
In the discussion of cancers (a non-infectious disease ), the term "latency period" is used to indicate the time that passes between being exposed to something that can cause disease (such as radiation or a virus) and having symptoms.
What is the term for an early or mild stage of infection that lasts years longer than the latent period?
For example, in HIV/AIDS, the incubation period lasts years longer than the latent period.
What is the incubation period?
The incubation period is also useful to count the number of infected people. The period from the time of infection to the time of becoming infectious is called the pre-infectious period or the latent period. During the pre-infectious or latent period, a host may or may not show symptoms (i.e.
What is the time interval between the time of invasion by an infectious pathogen and the time of onset (first appearance?
The time interval from the time of invasion by an infectious pathogen to the time of onset (first appearance) of symptoms of the disease in question is called the incubation period. After the incubation period is over, the host enters the symptomatic period. Moreover, at a certain point in time after infection, ...
How to determine generation time?
The generation time specifies how fast infections are spreading in the community with the passing of each generation. In contrast, the effective reproductive number determines in what number the infections are spreading in the community with the passing of each generation. The latent period and the infectious period helps determine the generation time of an infection. The mean generation time is equal to the sum of the mean latent period and one-half of the mean infectious period, given that infectiousness is evenly distributed across the infectious period.
Why is serial interval used as a proxy measure?
Therefore the serial interval is often used as a proxy measure to estimate the generation time.
What is the latency period?
latency period. [ ( layt-n-see) ] According to psychoanalysis, the period in a child's development, from about age four to about age twelve, during which sexual drives are sublimated ( see sublimation ). Psychoanalytic theory holds that all other stages of a child's development (the anal stage, the oral stage, the genital stage or ...
What is the term for the stage of personality development?
noun. Psychoanalysis. the stage of personality development, extending from about four or five years of age to the beginning of puberty, during which sexual urges appear to lie dormant. Pathology. latent period (def. 1).
When does latency start?
In general. The latency stage may begin around the age of 7 (the end of early childhood) and may continue until puberty, which can begin anywhere from the age of 9 to the age of 17 (with 13 as an average). The age range is affected by childrearing practices; mothers in developed countries, during the time when Freud was forming his theories, ...
What is the latency phase of Oedipus?
The latency phase originates during the phallic stage when the child's Oedipus complex begins to dissolve. The child realizes that their wishes and longings for the parent of the opposite sex cannot be fulfilled and will turn away from these desires. They start to identify with the parent of the same sex.
Why is it important to know the latency period?
People may feel fine for many years—during the latency period—before it becomes clear that there is an association between smoking and several types of cancer .
What is the latency period of cancer?
The latency period for cancer is defined as the amount of time that elapses between the initial exposure to a carcinogen (cancer-causing substance) and the diagnosis of cancer. For example, you are probably familiar with cigarette smoking as a risk factor for lung cancer. The latency period, in this case, would be defined as the length ...
What factors affect the latency period?
Some of these include: The dose or intensity of exposure.
Is the latency period long or short?
The period may be short, such as with the exposure to radioactive substances in Hiroshima and Nagasaki and development of leukemia, or it may be relatively long, such as the average time between exposure to asbestos and the later development of mesothelioma. Cancer may be related to either short-term high levels of exposure or long-term low levels of exposure.
What is the period between exposure and onset of clinical symptoms called?
The period between exposure and onset of clinical symptoms is called 'incubation period'. The host may become infectious (i.e. able to transmit the pathogen to other hosts) at any moment of the infection. This moment will vary per pathogen. The following schematic figure demonstrates these different time periods: ...
What is the period between exposure and infection?
The period between exposure and infection is called ' latent period', since the pathogen is present in a 'latent' stage, without clinical symptoms or signes of infection in the host.
Overview
In epidemiology, particularly in the discussion of infectious disease dynamics (modeling), the latent period (also known as the latency period or the pre-infectious period) is the time interval between when an individual or host is infected by a pathogen and when they become infectious, i.e. capable of transmitting pathogens to other susceptible individuals.
Relationship with related concepts in infectious disease dynamics
To understand the spreading dynamics of an infectious disease or an epidemic, three important time periods should be carefully distinguished: incubation period, pre-infectious or latent period and infectious period. Two other relevant and important time period concepts are generation time and serial interval.
The infection of a disease begins when a pathogenic (disease-causing) infecti…
Usage of the term outside epidemiology
Outside the confines of epidemiology, the term "latent period" may be defined in some general-purpose dictionaries (e.g. the Collins English Dictionary or Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary ) as being the time interval between infection by a pathogen and the onset of symptoms, i.e., as a synonymous term for the epidemiologically different concept of "incubation period".
In the discussion of cancers (a non-infectious disease), the term "latency period" is used to indicat…
See also
• Incubation period
• Infectious period
• Viral shedding
• Generation time
• Serial interval