where is lead on the periodic table

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What is Leads number on the periodic table?

82Fact boxGroup14327.462°C, 621.432°F, 600.612 KPeriod61749°C, 3180°F, 2022 KBlockp11.3Atomic number82207.2State at 20°CSolid208Pb2 more rows

What family is lead in on the periodic table?

Carbon Family The five members are carbon, silicon, germanium, tin, and lead. All of these elements have four electrons in their outermost energy level.

Is lead rare?

Lead is a highly lustrous, bluish-white element that makes up only about 0.0013 percent of the Earth's crust, according to the Jefferson Lab. It is not considered rare, however, since it is fairly widespread and easy to extract.

What is Pb on the periodic table?

Pb. Lead. 207.2. Pb comes from the Latin name, plumbum.

Is lead metal or nonmetal?

metallead (Pb), a soft, silvery white or grayish metal in Group 14 (IVa) of the periodic table. Lead is very malleable, ductile, and dense and is a poor conductor of electricity.

Is lead the heaviest metal?

The heaviest metal is osmium, which has, bulk for bulk, nearly twice the weight of lead. The specific gravity of gold is about 19 1/4, while that of osmium is almost 22 1/2.

Is lead toxic to touch?

Touching lead is not the problem. It becomes dangerous when you breathe in or swallow lead. Breathing It - You can breathe in lead if dust in the air contains lead, especially during renovations that disturb painted surfaces.

Does lead rust?

Lead is also one of the most stable metals that does not rust. However, Lead can be oxidized with a similar mechanism of Zinc. There is a wide array of applications that are made from Lead.

How toxic is lead?

Exposure to high levels of lead may cause anemia, weakness, and kidney and brain damage. Very high lead exposure can cause death. Lead can cross the placental barrier, which means pregnant women who are exposed to lead also expose their unborn child. Lead can damage a developing baby's nervous system.

Why is lead called Pb?

Lead's symbol Pb originates from its Latin name, plumbum — which actually used to refer to soft metals more generally. In fact, lead and tin were not clearly distinguished until the sixteenth century, when lead was referred to as plumbum nigrum (black lead) and tin as plumbum candidum or album (bright lead).

Why does Pb stand for?

PB means personal best. It is an acronym that refers to a person's best score in a competition. In gaming, the PB acronym refers to a gamer's best score.

Is lead a main group element?

The carbon group is the series of elements in group 14 ([formerly group IV) in the periodic table. It consists of the elements carbon (C), silicon (Si), germanium (Ge), tin (Sn), lead (Pb), and ununquadium (Uuq)....Group 14 (Carbon Group)Group14682 Pb7114 Uuq5 more rows

What metal can be found in family 4 Series 5?

The period 5 transition metals are yttrium (Y), zirconium (Zr), niobium (Nb), molybdenum (Mo), technetium (Tc), ruthenium (Ru), rhodium (Rh), palladium (Pd), silver (Ag), and cadmium (Cd)....The Transition Metals.4A(14)5A(15)6A(16)7A(17)8A(18)12 more columns

What is Group 14 on the periodic table called?

carbon group element, any of the six chemical elements that make up Group 14 (IVa) of the periodic table—namely, carbon (C), silicon (Si), germanium (Ge), tin (Sn), lead (Pb), and flerovium (Fl).

What is an element family?

An element family is a set of elements sharing common properties. Elements are classified into families because the three main categories of elements (metals, nonmetals, and semimetals) are very broad.

Where are the families on the periodic table?

The vertical columns on the periodic table are called groups or families because of their similar chemical behavior. All the members of a family of elements have the same number of valence electrons and similar chemical properties. The horizontal rows on the periodic table are called periods.

Where is lead found?

Small lead nuggets have been found in pre-Columbian Peru, Yucatan, and Guatemala.

How much lead is in the human body?

Daily intake of lead from all sources is about 0.1 milligrams. The average human body stores about 120 milligrams of lead in the bones. Natural abundance.

What is the oxidation state of an atom?

The oxidation state of an atom is a measure of the degree of oxidation of an atom. It is defined as being the charge that an atom would have if all bonds were ionic. Uncombined elements have an oxidation state of 0. The sum of the oxidation states within a compound or ion must equal the overall charge.

What is lead used for?

Lead is still widely used for car batteries, pigments, ammunition, cable sheathing, weights for lifting, weight belts for diving, lead crystal glass, radiation protection and in some solders.

How are elements organized into blocks?

Elements are organised into blocks by the orbital type in which the outer electrons are found. These blocks are named for the characteristic spectra they produce: sharp (s), principal (p), diffuse (d), and fundamental (f). The number of protons in an atom.

What is the vertical column in the periodic table?

A vertical column in the periodic table. Members of a group typically have similar properties and electron configurations in their outer shell. A horizontal row in the periodic table. The atomic number of each element increases by one, reading from left to right.

Why did the Romans use lead paint?

Because of its superb covering power, this was the basis of paints for more than 2000 years, until the middle of the last century. The Romans employed lead on a large scale, mining it mainly in Spain and Britain, and using it also for water pipes, coffins, pewter tableware, and to debase their silver coinage.

Where is lead found?

It is primarily present in combined form with sulfur and is rarely found in elemental or metallic form. The most common mineral of lead is galena (PbS). It is found in zinc ores. There are various impurities in lead minerals and ores, including tin, arsenic, gold, silver and copper. The largest deposits of lead are found in Australia, Russia, China, US, and Ireland [2].

How many isotopes of lead are there?

Lead consist of four stable isotopes, lead-204, lead-206, lead-207 and lead-208 [5]. There are five unstable isotopes of lead. The atomic number of lead is 83, which makes lead the heaviest stable element and isotope-208 is the heaviest stable nucleus. The theoretical half-life of isotopes of lead is around 10 35 to 10 189. There are around 43 artificial isotopes of lead, and their atomic mass range from 178-220.

What are the physical characteristics of lead?

Physical Characteristics. Lead is a silver colored metal with a tint of blue. It tarnishes to dark gray color when exposed to air. Lead is soft but is significantly denser than other metals. it is malleable and has a low melting point.

What is lead toxic to?

Lead has the ability to cross the blood-brain barrier and cause damage to brain and other organs.

What are lead alloys used for?

Lead alloys with copper, including bronze and brass are used to make components of machinery.

How long does lead stay in the soil?

Lead can persist in our environment, especially organic soil and can remain there for hundreds of years. From contaminate soil and water, lead can enter the food chain and effect animals. It also enters the human body through consumption of contaminated fruits, and vegetables.

How does lead dust enter the body?

Lead dust from furniture or window sill painted with lead can enter the body via hand to mouth contact. Inhalation of lead is the second most common pathway of lead toxicity, and lead from automobiles and cigarette smoking can cause severe toxic effects on the human body.

What is the mass number of lead?

Mass numbers of typical isotopes of Lead are 204-208.

What is the lightest element on the periodic table?

With a standard atomic weight of circa 1.008, hydrogen is the lightest element on the periodic table. Its monatomic form (H) is the most abundant chemical substance in the Universe, constituting roughly 75% of all baryonic mass.

How many protons does helium have?

Helium is a chemical element with atomic number 2 which means there are 2 protons and 2 electrons in the atomic structure. The chemical symbol for Helium is He.

What is the most abundant element in the Earth's crust?

Aluminium is a silvery-white, soft, nonmagnetic, ductile metal in the boron group. By mass, aluminium makes up about 8% of the Earth’s crust; it is the third most abundant element after oxygen and silicon and the most abundant metal in the crust, though it is less common in the mantle below.

Which is heavier, a proton or a neutron?

The neutron is slightly heavier than the proton. This increases the mass of nuclei with more neutrons than protons relative to the atomic mass unit scale based on 12 C with equal numbers of protons and neutrons.

Where is beryllium found?

Beryllium is a hard, grayish metal naturally found in mineral rocks, coal, soil, and volcanic dust . The commercial use of beryllium requires the use of appropriate dust control equipment and industrial controls at all times because of the toxicity of inhaled beryllium-containing dusts that can cause a chronic life-threatening allergic disease in some people called berylliosis.

Which element has the same electron configuration in the outer electron shell?

Magnesium is a shiny gray solid which bears a close physical resemblance to the other five elements in the second column (group 2, or alkaline earth metals) of the periodic table: all group 2 elements have the same electron configuration in the outer electron shell and a similar crystal structure.

Where is lead found?

World lead resources exceed two billion tons. Significant deposits are located in Australia, China, Ireland, Mexico, Peru, Portugal, Russia, and the United States.

What is the atomic number of lead?

Lead is a chemical element with the symbol Pb (from the Latin plumbum) and atomic number 82 . It is a heavy metal that is denser than most common materials. Lead is soft and malleable, and also has a relatively low melting point.

What are the two oxidation states of lead?

Lead shows two main oxidation states: +4 and +2. The tetravalent state is common for the carbon group. The divalent state is rare for carbon and silicon, minor for germanium, important (but not prevailing) for tin, and is the more important of the two oxidation states for lead. This is attributable to relativistic effects, specifically the inert pair effect, which manifests itself when there is a large difference in electronegativity between lead and oxide, halide, or nitride anions, leading to a significant partial positive charge on lead. The result is a stronger contraction of the lead 6s orbital than is the case for the 6p orbital, making it rather inert in ionic compounds. The inert pair effect is less applicable to compounds in which lead forms covalent bonds with elements of similar electronegativity, such as carbon in organolead compounds. In these, the 6s and 6p orbitals remain similarly sized and sp 3 hybridization is still energetically favorable. Lead, like carbon, is predominantly tetravalent in such compounds.

How does lead form a chain?

Lead can form multiply-bonded chains, a property it shares with its lighter homologs in the carbon group. Its capacity to do so is much less because the Pb–Pb bond energy is over three and a half times lower than that of the C–C bond. With itself, lead can build metal–metal bonds of an order up to three. With carbon, lead forms organolead compounds similar to, but generally less stable than, typical organic compounds (due to the Pb–C bond being rather weak). This makes the organometallic chemistry of lead far less wide-ranging than that of tin. Lead predominantly forms organolead (IV) compounds, even when starting with inorganic lead (II) reactants; very few organolead (II) compounds are known. The most well-characterized exceptions are Pb [CH (SiMe 3) 2] 2 and Pb ( η5 -C 5 H 5) 2.

How much tensile strength does lead have?

In comparison, that of aluminium is 75.2 GPa; copper 137.8 GPa; and mild steel 160–169 GPa. Lead's tensile strength, at 12–17 MPa, is low (that of aluminium is 6 times higher, copper 10 times, and mild steel 15 times higher); it can be strengthened by adding small amounts of copper or antimony.

What color is lead when it is cut?

When freshly cut, lead is silvery with a hint of blue; it tarnishes to a dull gray color when exposed to air. Lead has the highest atomic number of any stable element and three of its isotopes are endpoints of major nuclear decay chains of heavier elements. Lead is a relatively unreactive post-transition metal.

How many electrons does lead have?

Atomic. A lead atom has 82 electrons, arranged in an electron configuration of [ Xe ]4f 14 5d 10 6s 2 6p 2. The sum of lead's first and second ionization energies —the total energy required to remove the two 6p electrons—is close to that of tin, lead's upper neighbor in the carbon group.

Who created the periodic table?

The creator of the periodic table, Dmitri Mendeleev, in 1869 began collecting and sorting known properties of elements, like he was playing a game, while traveling by train.

Did Mendeleev's predictions get dismissed?

There were plenty of skeptics and it took years to gain international acceptance, but once newly-discovered elements matched the ones that Mendeleev predicted, his patterns could not be dismissed. In addition, some of the properties that he "fudged" were later recalculated and found to be much closer to his predictions.

Can periodic table games be used for grade?

The periodic table game available on this page is for entertainment purposes only, and should not be used to grade students on their knowledge of chemical elements.

Does the Modern Periodic Table Change? If So, How and Who Does That?

The periodic table as we know it today is managed by the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry, or IUPAC (eye-you-pack).

Where are metals located on the periodic table?

The metals are located on the left side of the Periodic Table.

Which side of the periodic table has more atomic size?

And if the atomic size is more, then it has less tendency to attract the electron pair (means bigger the size, lesser is the electronegativity.) Now the elements on the left side of Periodic table have more atomic size. So they will have less electronegativity. Hence, they are more metallic in nature.

What are metals in Periodic table?

Metals are the elements which have the tendency to donate or lose electrons to form positive ions.

How many electrons do metals lose in a chemical reaction?

The atoms or metals have generally 1, 2 or 3 electrons in the outermost orbit, and they lose these electrons during a chemical reaction.

Which group of metals is the most reactive?

They are the Alkali metals of group 1. In 1st group, as we move down from top to bottom, the reactive of metals increases. Thus the bottom most element of group 1 (i.e francium) is the most reactive metal on the Periodic table. ( Note: Francium is a laboratory made element.

Why do metals make a ringing sound?

Metals produce ringing sound when they are stuck hard. This indicates that metals are sonorous in nature.

What are the elements in group 3 to group 12?

The elements lying in group 3 to group 12 are known as Transition metals (or transition elements). Transition metals form a bridge between the chemically active metals of s-block elements and the less active elements of Groups 13 and 14. Thus these metals are known as “Transition metals”.

Occurrence

Physical Characteristics

Chemical Characteristics

• Lead is not very reactive. It belongs to the post-transition metal group in the periodic table. Lead frequently form stable covalent bonds as compared ionic bonding. Lead reacts with acids and bases. The common oxidation state of lead in compounds is +2. Lead can also form bonds with other lead molecule and can acquire unique arrangement, such as r...

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Significance and Uses

Health Hazards

Isotopes of Lead